Items crafted with a thin layer of gold electroplated over a base metal are susceptible to discoloration and loss of luster. This occurs due to the underlying metal reacting with environmental factors such as moisture, air pollutants, and skin oils, which then diffuse through the gold layer. As an example, a ring constructed of a base metal coated in a micron of gold, exposed daily to hand lotion, is likely to exhibit a darkened or dull appearance over time.
The prevalence of this type of adornment stems from its ability to provide the aesthetic appeal of solid gold at a significantly lower cost. Throughout history, this manufacturing technique has allowed a wider population access to the visual elegance associated with precious metals. This affordability makes it a popular choice, despite the eventual degradation of its surface appearance.