Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (EPM) is a neurological disease affecting horses, primarily caused by the protozoan parasites Sarcocystis neurona or, less commonly, Neospora hughesi. Infection occurs when horses ingest contaminated feed or water containing sporocysts shed by opossums, the definitive host of these parasites. Following ingestion, the parasites migrate to the central nervous system, causing inflammation and neurological damage.
Addressing EPM typically involves a multifaceted approach. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial, often involving neurological examination and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Treatment regimens commonly utilize antiprotozoal medications to target and eliminate the parasites. Additionally, supportive care and management practices, such as minimizing exposure to opossums and maintaining a clean environment, play a vital role in recovery and prevention of recurrence.
