The creation of adornments using a malleable compound comprised of microscopic silver particles, an organic binder, and water is a distinct form of metalworking. This process enables artisans to shape, mold, and refine jewelry pieces before firing, which burns away the binder and sinters the silver particles into solid metal. The resulting items possess the qualities and appearance of traditionally fabricated silver jewelry.
This particular craft provides accessibility for individuals with varying skill levels, allowing for intricate designs and textures to be achieved with relative ease. Its adaptability lends itself to a wide range of projects, from simple pendants to complex beadwork. Historically, the development of this medium has broadened participation in precious metal crafts, allowing more individuals to explore artistic expression and create personalized items. The intrinsic value of silver combined with the unique possibilities of the crafting method contributes to its continued popularity.
The following will address the specifics of material selection, the fabrication techniques employed in its utilization, and the processes involved in properly firing and finishing creations crafted from this unique artistic medium. Furthermore, it will detail essential considerations for safety, studio setup, and methods for refining the created works.
1. Material Selection
The selection of appropriate materials directly determines the quality, workability, and final characteristics of items produced via the silver clay method. Silver clay is not a monolithic substance; rather, it encompasses a spectrum of formulations that vary in silver content (fine silver, sterling silver, or base metal blends), binder composition, and particle size. Each formulation presents distinct advantages and disadvantages that impact the creative process and the resultant piece. For example, fine silver clay, containing .999 silver, yields a higher purity after firing, making it suitable for applications where tarnish resistance is paramount. However, its lower green strength (strength before firing) requires more delicate handling during the creation phase.
Conversely, sterling silver clay (containing .925 silver) offers enhanced strength in both the green and fired states due to the presence of copper. This characteristic renders it more amenable to intricate designs and structural elements. However, the copper content necessitates careful firing practices to mitigate fire scale formation and may result in a slightly less brilliant final finish. Furthermore, clays incorporating base metals can reduce cost, but may significantly impact the jewelry’s long-term durability and aesthetic appeal. An artisan creating a complex filigree pendant might choose sterling silver clay for its strength, understanding the need for precise firing protocols to control oxidation. By contrast, a minimalist ring intended for daily wear might benefit from the use of fine silver clay for its purity and tarnish resistance, despite the potential challenges in shaping the material.
Ultimately, the selection represents a critical first step that shapes all subsequent stages. A thorough grasp of material properties allows for informed decision-making, maximizing creative potential and minimizing the risk of structural failures or undesirable aesthetic outcomes. Understanding these nuances is not merely academic; it is a practical imperative for successful realization of silver clay jewelry projects, impacting both the artistic expression and the functional lifespan of the finished piece.
2. Clay Hydration
Optimal clay hydration stands as a foundational prerequisite for successful execution of the silver clay process. The water content within the clay matrix directly influences its pliability, workability, and overall behavior during both the shaping and firing stages. Insufficient or excessive hydration can significantly compromise the structural integrity and aesthetic quality of the finished piece.
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Workability and Flexibility
Adequate hydration ensures the clay remains pliable, allowing for the creation of intricate designs, fine details, and smooth surfaces. Overly dry clay crumbles easily, making it difficult to manipulate and join components. Conversely, excessively wet clay becomes sticky and loses its form, hindering precise shaping. The ideal moisture level permits seamless blending, prevents cracking during drying, and supports the creation of delicate features that would be impossible with improperly hydrated clay.
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Structural Integrity in the Green State
The “green state” refers to the unfired clay form. Correct hydration maintains the clay’s structural integrity before firing. Clay that is too dry is brittle and prone to cracking, leading to potential breakages during handling or air drying. Proper hydration provides the necessary cohesion to resist stress and maintain the intended shape of the piece. This is particularly important for complex designs with overhanging elements or delicate attachments, where the weight of the clay can cause distortions if not adequately supported by internal moisture.
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Shrinkage Control During Drying
Silver clay shrinks during the drying and firing processes as water and binder are removed. Consistent and controlled hydration is paramount to managing this shrinkage. Uneven drying, caused by inconsistent moisture levels, can lead to warping, cracking, or distortion of the final form. Maintaining uniform hydration throughout the clay mass ensures even shrinkage, preserving the intended dimensions and design of the jewelry piece. Techniques such as slow drying and humidity control are often employed to minimize stress caused by differential shrinkage.
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Sintering Process and Metal Density
While hydration primarily affects the pre-firing stages, it indirectly influences the sintering process. During firing, the silver particles fuse together, forming a solid metal structure. Insufficiently hydrated clay may have a less uniform particle distribution, potentially resulting in incomplete sintering and a lower metal density in the finished piece. This can compromise the strength and durability of the jewelry, making it more susceptible to damage. Therefore, proper hydration lays the groundwork for optimal sintering and a robust, high-quality end product.
In summary, precise control over clay hydration is indispensable in the fabrication of silver clay jewelry. It impacts every stage of the creation process, from initial shaping to the final firing, and ultimately determines the success and longevity of the finished piece. Addressing hydration proactively allows the artisan to better control the clay’s behavior, achieve desired design complexities, and create enduring, high-quality pieces.
3. Design Planning
Design planning serves as the foundational blueprint for successful silver clay jewelry making. It is the process of conceptualizing, sketching, and meticulously outlining the desired piece before any physical manipulation of the clay commences. The quality and precision of design planning directly impact the final outcome, influencing aspects such as structural integrity, aesthetic appeal, and overall feasibility of the project. A well-considered design mitigates potential issues related to clay shrinkage, firing complications, and structural weaknesses.
The connection between design planning and silver clay jewelry making is one of cause and effect. For example, a detailed sketch with precise measurements anticipates the clay’s shrinkage rate during firing, allowing for adjustments in the initial design to achieve the intended final dimensions. Neglecting this phase can result in a piece that is significantly smaller than planned or exhibits undesirable distortions. The inclusion of design elements like internal supports or strategically placed openings can prevent cracking during firing, demonstrating how proactive planning addresses inherent material challenges. Similarly, carefully considered joinery techniques, planned in advance, ensure strong and seamless connections between different components of the piece, contributing to its long-term durability. Practical applications involve creating scaled drawings, utilizing templates, and even employing 3D modeling software to visualize the final product before committing to the clay itself. A meticulously planned design, inclusive of these elements, dramatically increases the likelihood of a successful and aesthetically pleasing finished piece.
In summary, design planning is not merely an optional preliminary step but an indispensable component of silver clay jewelry making. It addresses inherent material limitations, facilitates the realization of complex designs, and ultimately dictates the quality and longevity of the finished work. The challenges of shrinkage, structural integrity, and firing complications are effectively managed through thoughtful and comprehensive design planning, underscoring its critical role in this craft. The level of investment in design directly correlates with the successful realization of artistic vision and the creation of enduring silver clay jewelry pieces.
4. Shaping Techniques
The manipulation of silver clay to achieve a desired form is central to the creation of jewelry. Effective shaping techniques are paramount for translating a design concept into a tangible piece, influencing the final aesthetic and structural integrity of the jewelry.
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Pinching and Forming
Pinching and forming involve using fingers and simple tools to mold the clay into basic shapes. This technique is essential for creating beads, pendants, and other foundational elements. The control exerted during pinching directly impacts the symmetry and overall appearance of the piece. For example, a perfectly round bead requires consistent pressure and rotation, whereas uneven pressure can lead to asymmetrical results, potentially affecting the balance and harmony of a necklace.
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Rolling and Slab Construction
Rolling and slab construction utilize a rolling pin or pasta machine to create uniformly thin sheets of clay. These sheets are then cut and assembled to form more complex structures, such as hollow forms or layered designs. Precise rolling ensures consistent thickness, preventing warping or cracking during firing. In the context of silver clay jewelry, this technique allows artisans to create lightweight components with intricate surface patterns.
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Extrusion and Syringe Work
Extrusion involves forcing clay through a die to create consistent shapes, such as wires, tubes, or decorative elements. Syringe work employs a syringe-like tool to apply fine lines or details to a surface. These techniques are particularly useful for creating intricate filigree, borders, or embellishments. The consistency of the clay and the pressure applied during extrusion determine the uniformity of the resulting shapes. Deviations can lead to inconsistencies in the design, affecting the overall visual appeal of the jewelry.
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Molding and Texturing
Molding utilizes pre-made or custom-designed molds to replicate shapes and patterns. Texturing involves impressing surfaces with stamps, found objects, or specialized tools to add visual interest and tactile appeal. Molds offer a quick and efficient way to create multiple identical components, while texturing allows for the creation of unique and personalized designs. The fidelity of the mold and the pressure applied during texturing directly impact the detail and clarity of the resulting impression, thus influencing the overall aesthetic impact of the jewelry.
In summation, the adept application of shaping techniques is fundamental to realizing diverse designs in silver clay jewelry. Each technique offers specific capabilities and limitations, and a skilled artisan understands how to leverage them to achieve the desired aesthetic and structural outcome. Mastery of these techniques allows for the creation of intricate, durable, and visually compelling silver clay jewelry pieces.
5. Firing Schedule
The prescribed heating and cooling sequence, termed the firing schedule, is critical in silver clay jewelry making. This precise schedule dictates the successful transformation of malleable clay into a durable, solid metal form, influencing the final product’s integrity and appearance.
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Binder Burnout Phase
The initial phase involves the gradual elimination of organic binders and water from the clay matrix. Rapid heating can lead to steam explosion, resulting in cracking or distortion of the piece. A controlled ramp-up in temperature, often with a prolonged hold at a specific point, ensures complete binder removal without compromising the clay’s structure. For instance, a typical schedule might include a slow increase to 200C with a one-hour hold to facilitate complete evaporation of water content and volatilization of the organic binder before further temperature increases.
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Sintering Temperature and Hold Time
The sintering temperature is the peak temperature at which silver particles fuse together, forming a solid metallic structure. The hold time, or the duration at which the piece is maintained at this peak temperature, determines the degree of sintering achieved. Insufficient temperature or hold time can result in a porous, weak structure, while excessive temperature can lead to melting or distortion. Specific firing schedules are formulated based on the type of silver clay used; fine silver clay sintering often requires a higher temperature compared to sterling silver clay. The required sintering temperature and holding time are crucial to the structural integrity of the piece.
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Cooling Rate
The cooling rate impacts the metal’s internal stress and can affect its hardness and malleability. Rapid cooling can induce thermal shock, leading to cracking or weakening of the metal. A gradual cooling process allows the metal to anneal, relieving stress and increasing its overall strength. Cooling too rapidly prevents proper crystal formation and can leave the piece vulnerable to breaks with slight pressure. Specific annealing times vary for each metal type.
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Atmosphere Control
The atmospheric conditions within the kiln, particularly oxygen levels, can influence the silver’s surface finish and prevent oxidation. An oxygen-rich environment can cause fire scale formation, a surface discoloration that requires additional polishing to remove. Controlling the kiln atmosphere through the use of activated carbon or a reducing atmosphere can mitigate oxidation and preserve the silver’s natural luster, contributing to a cleaner final product and reducing post-firing finishing work.
These elements are vital for the success of the firing process. Mastery of the firing schedule is critical for producing strong, visually appealing silver clay jewelry, emphasizing the interconnected nature of process and product. Understanding and executing the appropriate firing schedule significantly reduces the risk of structural failure, oxidation, and other undesirable outcomes. Therefore, adherence to a well-defined firing schedule is crucial for realizing high-quality silver clay creations.
6. Surface Finishing
Surface finishing constitutes a critical stage in silver clay jewelry making, directly affecting the final aesthetic appeal and durability of the piece. The processes employed to refine the surface after firing are integral to enhancing the metal’s natural luster, removing imperfections, and ensuring a smooth, comfortable texture for wear. The choice of finishing techniques must align with the design and intended use of the piece to ensure both aesthetic enhancement and structural integrity. Without meticulous surface finishing, even well-designed and skillfully fired silver clay creations can appear dull, unrefined, or prone to tarnishing.
The techniques employed in surface finishing range from mechanical abrasion, such as sanding and polishing, to chemical treatments that impart protective layers or modify the metal’s appearance. Sanding, using progressively finer grits of abrasive paper, removes surface irregularities and prepares the metal for polishing. Polishing, utilizing specialized compounds and tools, imparts a high shine and luster to the surface. Chemical treatments, such as liver of sulfur, can be used to create a patina, adding depth and dimension to the design. For example, a meticulously crafted silver clay pendant might require a combination of sanding, polishing with rouge compound, and a final sealant application to protect against tarnishing and maintain its brilliance over time. Furthermore, improper finishing can lead to the removal of too much metal, compromising the design’s integrity, or the introduction of scratches that detract from the overall appearance.
In summary, surface finishing is not merely an aesthetic addendum to silver clay jewelry making but an essential process that ensures the creation of high-quality, visually appealing, and long-lasting pieces. It is a critical step that transforms a fired clay object into a refined and desirable piece of jewelry. Thorough understanding and skilled application of various surface finishing techniques are thus imperative for any artisan seeking to create professional-grade silver clay jewelry. The final aesthetic is contingent upon the level of detail and attention paid to this crucial finishing stage, serving as a reflection of the overall craftsmanship invested in the piece.
7. Metal Purity
Metal purity is a definitive attribute in silver clay jewelry making, directly correlating with the value, workability, and longevity of the final product. Silver clay is available in varying purities, primarily .999 fine silver and .925 sterling silver, each exhibiting distinct characteristics. Fine silver, being nearly pure, offers the highest tarnish resistance and a brighter, more lustrous finish. However, its inherent softness necessitates careful handling and design considerations to prevent deformation. The choice of metal purity fundamentally impacts the jewelry’s aesthetic appeal and its susceptibility to environmental factors. For example, items crafted from fine silver will maintain their brilliance for extended periods compared to those made from alloys with lower silver content.
The practical significance of understanding metal purity extends to the firing process and the subsequent finishing stages. Fine silver clay requires specific firing temperatures and protocols to achieve optimal sintering without compromising its structural integrity. Lower purity clays, often containing copper or other base metals, may necessitate different firing schedules to prevent fire scale formation or undesired surface discoloration. Furthermore, the choice of polishing compounds and cleaning agents must be compatible with the silver’s purity to avoid scratching or tarnishing. Real-world applications demonstrate that accurate identification and understanding of the silver clay’s purity is indispensable for achieving predictable and desirable outcomes.
In summary, metal purity is not merely a compositional detail but a defining factor in silver clay jewelry making. It influences the aesthetic characteristics, structural properties, and long-term durability of the created items. Challenges associated with metal purity, such as managing the softness of fine silver or preventing oxidation in sterling silver, can be effectively addressed through informed material selection, appropriate firing practices, and meticulous surface finishing. The selection is a critical element, and impacts both the process and the final product, reinforcing its importance in this art form.
8. Shrinkage Rate
Shrinkage rate is a pivotal consideration in silver clay jewelry making. Silver clay, a composite material containing silver particles, water, and a binder, undergoes a volume reduction during the firing process as the water and binder are eliminated. Understanding and accounting for the shrinkage rate is essential for achieving dimensional accuracy in finished pieces.
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Dimensional Planning and Scaling
The known percentage of shrinkage must be factored into the initial design and creation process. A design that does not account for shrinkage will result in a final piece smaller than intended. Artisans typically create test pieces to accurately determine the specific shrinkage rate of the clay they are using, as variations can occur between different brands and formulations. Scaling up the initial design proportionally to compensate for anticipated shrinkage ensures the final dimensions align with the intended specifications. For example, if a ring is designed to be a size 7 and the clay shrinks by 10%, the initial clay ring must be formed larger to accommodate the shrinkage.
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Structural Integrity and Design Complexity
Uneven shrinkage can induce stress within the piece, potentially leading to cracking or warping during firing. Designs with varying thicknesses or complex geometries are particularly susceptible to these issues. Planning for even shrinkage throughout the piece is crucial. This may involve incorporating design elements that distribute stress or employing techniques to ensure uniform drying before firing. Ignoring this aspect may result in structural weaknesses and an unsatisfactory final product. In complex designs, failure to account for the rate can also lead to the separation of joined elements.
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Precision Components and Fit
Jewelry designs often incorporate components such as stones, beads, or findings that do not shrink. Accurate knowledge of the clay’s shrinkage rate is imperative to ensure these components fit properly after firing. Setting stones into clay that will shrink considerably requires precise calculations to avoid loose settings or excessive stress on the stone. Similarly, if a silver clay bezel is designed to fit a commercially produced cabochon, the bezel must be created with sufficient initial size to accommodate the anticipated shrinkage and provide a secure fit for the stone post-firing.
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Batch Consistency and Repeatability
Maintaining consistent shrinkage rates across multiple pieces or batches is essential for producing uniform and repeatable results. Variations in clay hydration, firing temperature, or kiln atmosphere can affect shrinkage. Employing standardized procedures and meticulous record-keeping helps to minimize these variations and ensure consistency. For example, monitoring kiln temperature and humidity and adhering to precise firing schedules are critical for achieving predictable shrinkage rates across multiple batches of silver clay jewelry.
These considerations highlight the importance of shrinkage rate in silver clay jewelry making. By accurately understanding and accounting for it, artisans can create pieces that meet desired specifications and maintain structural integrity. Consideration of dimensional planning, structural integrity, component fit and batch consistency is essential for successful execution of this medium. These factors contribute to the overall quality and durability of finished silver clay jewelry pieces.
9. Structural Integrity
The structural integrity of silver clay jewelry is paramount, determining its resistance to breakage, deformation, and overall durability under normal wear. This attribute is directly linked to the composition and fabrication methods employed in the process. Inadequate attention to structural integrity during any phase of creation, from design to firing, compromises the longevity and serviceability of the finished piece. The selection of silver clay type, for example, influences potential strength; sterling silver clay, containing copper, exhibits greater strength compared to fine silver clay. Design features, such as thin, unsupported elements or sharp internal corners, can create stress concentration points, increasing the likelihood of fracture. Therefore, careful consideration of design is essential for robust construction.
Firing practices are integral to achieving optimal structural integrity. Under-fired silver clay remains porous and brittle, lacking the necessary density for durable wear. Conversely, over-firing can lead to melting or distortion, diminishing its aesthetic and functional value. Appropriate firing schedules, adhering to recommended temperatures and hold times, are thus essential for achieving adequate sintering, where the silver particles fuse into a solid, cohesive mass. The integration of reinforcing elements, such as internal supports or strengthening bands, can bolster structural integrity, particularly in complex designs or pieces subjected to significant stress. These additions increase the material’s ability to withstand external forces without compromising its integrity.
In summary, structural integrity is a critical determinant of the quality and longevity of silver clay jewelry. Its realization depends on a confluence of factors, including appropriate material selection, thoughtful design planning, meticulous firing protocols, and the incorporation of reinforcing structural elements. By prioritizing structural integrity throughout the fabrication process, artisans can create resilient and enduring pieces. The disregard of these principles invariably leads to diminished durability and increased susceptibility to damage, negating the artistic value of the piece. The ultimate success is, therefore, inextricably linked to the careful consideration and execution of practices that enhance structural integrity, ensuring the created items are both aesthetically pleasing and functionally robust.
Frequently Asked Questions About Silver Clay Jewellery Making
The following addresses common inquiries and misconceptions regarding silver clay jewelry making, providing clear, concise answers based on established practices and principles.
Question 1: Is silver clay jewellery making actually real silver?
Silver clay, when properly fired, results in a piece composed of either .999 fine silver or .925 sterling silver, depending on the type of clay used. The organic binder and water are eliminated during firing, leaving behind a solid metal structure.
Question 2: How durable is silver clay jewellery making compared to traditional silversmithing?
The durability is comparable, provided that proper firing and finishing techniques are employed. Sterling silver clay offers comparable strength to traditionally fabricated sterling silver, while fine silver clay, though purer, may be slightly more susceptible to bending due to its inherent softness.
Question 3: What tools are absolutely necessary for silver clay jewellery making?
Essential tools include a rolling pin or pasta machine for creating sheets, carving tools for shaping, a kiln for firing, polishing compounds for finishing, and digital scale.
Question 4: Can stones be set in silver clay jewellery making before firing?
Yes, certain heat-resistant stones, such as cubic zirconia or lab-created sapphires, can be set before firing. Natural gemstones should be set after firing to avoid damage from high temperatures.
Question 5: How difficult is it to learn silver clay jewellery making?
The relative ease of shaping the clay makes it accessible to beginners. However, mastering the firing process and achieving consistent results requires practice and attention to detail.
Question 6: Is it possible to repair silver clay jewellery making items if they break?
Repairs are possible, but can be challenging. Small cracks or breaks can be filled with fresh clay and refired. More extensive damage may necessitate reconstruction of the affected area.
In conclusion, silver clay jewelry making presents a viable and accessible method for creating fine silver and sterling silver jewelry. Proper technique and a thorough understanding of the materials are essential for achieving high-quality, durable results.
The subsequent section will provide insights into safety precautions, studio setup recommendations, and techniques for refining silver clay creations.
Silver Clay Jewellery Making Tips
These tips provide guidance for optimizing the silver clay jewelry making process, from initial design to final finishing. Adherence to these recommendations can improve the quality, durability, and aesthetic appeal of finished pieces.
Tip 1: Maintain Consistent Clay Hydration: Uneven moisture content can lead to cracking during drying or firing. Store unused clay in airtight containers and periodically mist with distilled water to preserve pliability.
Tip 2: Accurately Measure Shrinkage Rate: Conduct test firings with measured samples of each clay type to determine its specific shrinkage percentage. Apply this data to adjust design dimensions accordingly.
Tip 3: Employ Gradual Firing Ramp-Up: A rapid increase in kiln temperature can cause steam explosions within the clay, resulting in fractures. Follow a slow, controlled heating schedule to facilitate binder burnout.
Tip 4: Ensure Adequate Ventilation: Firing silver clay releases organic compounds. Operate a properly ventilated kiln and wear a respirator if necessary, to protect against fumes.
Tip 5: Utilize Support Structures for Complex Designs: Intricate or delicate designs are prone to warping during firing. Employ kiln props or strategically placed supports to maintain the intended shape.
Tip 6: Avoid Contamination: Foreign particles can compromise the integrity of the silver clay. Work on clean surfaces and use dedicated tools to prevent the introduction of impurities.
Tip 7: Properly Anneal After Firing: Quenching immediately after firing is never advised, it causes the silver material to contract and stress to be place in it. Annealing helps to stress-relieve silver material to reduce break. Allow for natural room temperature cooling for durability.
Tip 8: Apply Sealant for Protection: After the clay has cool down from firing, a protective coating will help to reduce tarnishing and enhance the durability of the finished piece. Ensure you used the sealant appropriate with silver.
These insights emphasize the importance of careful material handling, controlled firing processes, and adherence to safety protocols. Consistent application of these strategies will improve the quality and longevity of creations.
The following section transitions to the conclusion, summarizing the key aspects and benefits of silver clay jewelry making.
Conclusion
This exposition has addressed the multifaceted nature of silver clay jewellery making, encompassing material selection, hydration management, design planning, shaping techniques, firing schedules, surface finishing, metal purity considerations, shrinkage rate awareness, and structural integrity. Each aspect plays a crucial role in determining the quality and longevity of the final product. Mastering these elements is essential for successful execution of this craft.
Given its accessibility and the inherent value of silver, continued exploration and refinement of silver clay jewellery making techniques are encouraged. The creation of durable, aesthetically pleasing adornments through this medium offers a unique avenue for artistic expression and skillful craftsmanship, therefore, furthering the knowledge and technical prowess is very crucial in this industry.
