A specific example of a United States silver coin, minted in 1879 at the Carson City Mint, is characterized by its composition of 90% silver and 10% copper. These coins, known as Morgan dollars, bear the “CC” mint mark, indicating their origin. They represent a tangible piece of American history and numismatic interest.
The value and desirability of such an item stem from a confluence of factors, including its silver content, historical significance, and relative scarcity based on mintage figures and condition. Coins produced at the Carson City Mint are generally more sought after by collectors due to their lower production numbers compared to other mints. Their survival over time, in varying grades of preservation, contributes to their market value.
Understanding the historical context, metal composition, and mint-specific characteristics is crucial for any discussion related to these artifacts. The following sections will delve into aspects such as grading standards, factors influencing market prices, and the role of these coins in shaping American monetary history.
1. Carson City Mint
The Carson City Mint, designated by the “CC” mint mark, holds a crucial position in the narrative of the 1879 silver dollar. Its presence directly impacts the coin’s value and collectibility. Coins minted at Carson City typically had lower production runs compared to those produced in Philadelphia, New Orleans, or San Francisco. Consequently, these are scarcer. The mint operated from 1870 to 1893, primarily processing silver from the Comstock Lode. The 1879 “CC” example serves as a tangible link to this era of intense silver mining and its impact on the nation’s economy.
The “CC” mint mark acts as a readily identifiable signature of origin. Collectors actively seek out examples from Carson City, frequently paying premiums significantly above those of the same coin from other mints. This premium reflects the historical context. The fact that the silver used to make the coins was sourced so close to the mint itself. The 1879 “CC” silver dollar, therefore, embodies a localized piece of American history, distinct from versions produced elsewhere. Authentication services rely heavily on identifying the correct “CC” mint mark style to verify authenticity and provenance.
In summary, the Carson City Mint represents a defining element of this silver dollar. The coin serves as a physical artifact connecting to the mining history of the American West. The mint mark contributes significantly to both numismatic value and historical interest. Understanding this connection is fundamental to appreciating the broader significance of the 1879 “CC” silver dollar.
2. Morgan Dollar Design
The 1879-CC silver dollar is intrinsically linked to the Morgan Dollar design, a universally recognized emblem of late 19th-century American coinage. Understanding the design elements and their historical context is crucial for a comprehensive assessment of this specific coin.
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Obverse Depiction: Liberty
The obverse features a profile of Liberty, facing left, adorned with a Phrygian cap and a crown of wheat and cotton. “E Pluribus Unum” and the year of minting encircle the image. This representation symbolized the nation’s ideals of freedom and prosperity. The 1879-CC coin, like all Morgan Dollars, showcases this iconic portrayal, connecting it to a broader narrative of American identity.
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Reverse Depiction: Bald Eagle
The reverse presents a heraldic eagle clutching arrows and an olive branch, representing the power of war and the desire for peace. The motto “In God We Trust” appears above the eagle, while “United States of America” and the denomination (“One Dollar”) are inscribed around the periphery. This design reinforced national pride and the nation’s growing influence on the world stage. On the 1879-CC, the crispness and detail of this reverse design impact its grade and collector appeal.
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Designer: George T. Morgan
The design is attributed to George T. Morgan, an engraver at the United States Mint. His initials, a small “M,” are found at the truncation of Liberty’s neck and on the ribbon bow on the reverse. Morgan’s design was chosen after a competition, replacing the Seated Liberty design that had been in use for decades. The 1879-CC, therefore, represents a transition in American coinage design and a specific artistic vision.
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Design Variations and VAMs
While the core design remained consistent throughout the Morgan Dollar series, subtle variations exist due to die differences and engraver modifications. These variations are cataloged by numismatists as “VAMs” (Van Allen-Mallis numbers). Some 1879-CC examples exhibit specific VAMs that can significantly impact their value, depending on rarity and collector demand. Recognizing these design nuances requires specialized knowledge and adds another layer to the coin’s appeal.
In conclusion, the Morgan Dollar design forms an integral part of the 1879-CC silver dollar’s identity. From its symbolic representations of Liberty and the eagle to the artistic nuances introduced by George T. Morgan, the design contributes significantly to the coin’s historical significance, aesthetic appeal, and numismatic value. Appreciation of the design elements enhances understanding and value assessment of the specific 1879-CC specimen.
3. Silver Content Purity
The intrinsic value and legal tender status of the 1879-CC silver dollar are directly tied to the purity and weight of its silver content. Understanding the precise composition is crucial for accurately assessing its worth, both historically and in the modern numismatic market.
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Standard Composition: 90% Silver, 10% Copper
The 1879-CC silver dollar, in compliance with the Coinage Act of 1873, was composed of 90% silver and 10% copper. This standard was applied to all Morgan silver dollars, ensuring uniformity in intrinsic value. The silver provided the primary monetary worth, while the copper alloy increased the coin’s durability and resistance to wear. The precise weight of the coin (26.73 grams) combined with this composition dictated its melt value, which fluctuated with the silver market price.
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Impact on Intrinsic Value
The silver content dictates the intrinsic or melt value. Calculating this involves multiplying the current spot price of silver by the weight of silver within the coin. This intrinsic value serves as a baseline for determining the overall worth. Numismatists and investors consider this alongside factors like rarity and condition.
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Role in Authentication
The specified silver content and weight are key factors in authenticating an 1879-CC silver dollar. Counterfeit coins often deviate from the standard composition, exhibiting different silver percentages or weights. Reputable grading services employ techniques like X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to analyze the metal composition, verifying authenticity and detecting alterations.
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Historical Significance and Monetary Policy
The silver content reflects the broader monetary policies of the United States during the late 19th century. The Coinage Act of 1873 demonetized silver, leading to significant debate. The Bland-Allison Act of 1878 and the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 mandated the government purchase of silver for coinage. The 1879-CC silver dollar stands as a physical representation of this contentious period in American monetary history, where the value of silver played a central role in economic policy.
In summary, the silver content purity is a defining characteristic of the 1879-CC silver dollar. The coin’s composition dictates its intrinsic value, aids in authentication, and provides a tangible connection to the economic and political debates surrounding silver during the late 19th century. Understanding this interplay is fundamental to appreciating the historical and numismatic significance.
4. Mintage Figures Significance
The mintage figures for the 1879-CC silver dollar directly influence its scarcity, a primary determinant of its value within the numismatic market. The Carson City Mint produced 756,000 silver dollars in 1879, a relatively low number compared to other mints like Philadelphia. This limited production establishes a foundation for collector demand. The fewer examples initially produced, the fewer survive to the present day, especially in high grades. This scarcity creates a competitive market among collectors seeking to acquire these coins, driving up prices substantially. For example, a common date Morgan dollar from Philadelphia might be worth only its silver content in circulated condition. A similar 1879-CC in the same condition can command a premium of hundreds of dollars, directly attributable to its lower mintage and associated scarcity.
Understanding the mintage figures allows collectors and investors to make informed decisions. Analyzing the original production numbers, combined with population reports from grading services like PCGS and NGC, provides a more accurate assessment of rarity. These population reports document the number of coins graded at each level of preservation. This data highlights the scarcity of higher-grade examples. For instance, while 756,000 were initially minted, only a small fraction have been graded as Mint State 65 or higher. This discrepancy between the initial mintage and the number of high-grade survivors further amplifies the value of pristine examples. The practical significance lies in recognizing that mintage figures are not absolute indicators of value. The condition and survival rate are crucial contributing factors.
In summary, the mintage figures for the 1879-CC silver dollar play a pivotal role in determining its value and desirability. The relatively low production at the Carson City Mint established an inherent scarcity, which continues to drive collector demand and premium prices. This understanding provides a framework for analyzing the coin’s place within the broader numismatic market. The practical application requires considering the mintage numbers alongside other factors, such as condition and grading data, to arrive at an accurate assessment of worth.
5. Condition Grading Standards
Condition grading standards are paramount in determining the numismatic value of an 1879-CC silver dollar. These standards provide a structured system for assessing the physical state of a coin. They ensure a degree of uniformity and objectivity in a market where subjective perceptions could otherwise prevail.
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Sheldon Scale and Descriptive Grading
The Sheldon Scale, ranging from 1 (Poor) to 70 (Mint State Perfect), forms the foundation of modern coin grading. This numerical system is paired with descriptive terms. For example, a coin graded MS-65 (Mint State 65) denotes an uncirculated coin with minor imperfections. Coins graded as AU (About Uncirculated) exhibit slight wear on the highest points of the design. The application of these standards to an 1879-CC dictates its placement within the collector market. A coin with substantial wear might be valued near its silver content, while a high-grade example can command a significant premium.
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Wear and Surface Preservation
Wear, resulting from circulation, is a critical factor. The presence and extent of wear on key design elements, such as Liberty’s hair or the eagle’s feathers, directly impact the grade. Surface preservation considers factors like luster, toning, and the presence of scratches, contact marks, or other imperfections. An 1879-CC with strong original luster and minimal surface blemishes will achieve a higher grade, leading to increased value. Conversely, excessive cleaning or damage to the surface will negatively affect the assessment.
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Strike Quality and Eye Appeal
Strike quality refers to the sharpness and completeness of the coin’s design. A well-struck 1879-CC exhibits clear details and distinct features. Weak strikes, which can occur due to die wear or minting pressure, detract from the grade. Eye appeal encompasses the overall aesthetic presentation. Factors such as attractive toning, pleasing luster, and a lack of distracting marks contribute to a coin’s subjective appeal. While subjective, eye appeal can influence a grader’s assessment and ultimately impact the coin’s marketability.
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Third-Party Grading Services (TPGs)
Organizations like PCGS (Professional Coin Grading Service) and NGC (Numismatic Guaranty Corporation) provide independent grading services. They employ experienced graders to assess coins according to established standards. These TPGs encapsulate coins in tamper-evident holders, providing authentication and protection. The grades assigned by these services are widely accepted within the numismatic community. The encapsulation and grading of an 1879-CC by a reputable TPG enhance buyer confidence and facilitate transactions in the collector market.
These grading elements collectively define the condition of an 1879-CC silver dollar. The established grading standards serve as a crucial mechanism for assessing and communicating the coin’s physical state. This enables informed decision-making for collectors and investors.
6. Numismatic Market Value
The numismatic market value of an 1879-CC silver dollar represents a complex interplay of factors extending beyond the coin’s intrinsic silver content. This value is determined by collector demand, scarcity, condition, and historical significance, all of which contribute to its price in the marketplace.
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Scarcity and Mintage Figures
The 1879-CC silver dollar’s mintage figure of 756,000, relatively low for Morgan dollars, directly impacts its scarcity. Lower mintage numbers generally translate to higher prices, particularly for well-preserved examples. Auction records and price guides consistently demonstrate that 1879-CC coins command a premium compared to Morgan dollars from other mints with higher production numbers. The scarcity of the 1879-CC, therefore, is a primary driver of its numismatic market value.
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Condition and Grading
The condition of an 1879-CC silver dollar is a critical determinant of its value. Coins graded as Mint State (MS) by reputable third-party grading services (TPGs) such as PCGS and NGC can realize significantly higher prices than circulated examples. A coin graded MS-65 or higher can be worth hundreds or even thousands of dollars, while a coin in lower grades like Good (G) or Very Good (VG) may only be worth slightly more than its silver content. The objective assessment of condition by TPGs provides buyers and sellers with a standardized framework for valuation, influencing market prices.
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Historical Significance and Collector Demand
The historical context surrounding the 1879-CC silver dollar, including its minting at the Carson City Mint during a period of significant silver production, contributes to its collector appeal. Coins from the Carson City Mint are generally more sought after due to their association with the American West and the Comstock Lode. Collector demand, driven by historical interest and the desire to complete sets, sustains higher prices for these coins in the numismatic market. Limited availability relative to collector interest further enhances the value.
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Market Trends and Economic Factors
The broader numismatic market is subject to trends and economic factors that can influence the value of 1879-CC silver dollars. Periods of economic uncertainty may drive investors to precious metals and rare coins, increasing demand and prices. Changes in collector preferences and the discovery of new varieties or errors can also affect market values. Staying informed about current market trends is essential for both buyers and sellers seeking to navigate the numismatic market effectively.
In conclusion, the numismatic market value of an 1879-CC silver dollar is a dynamic outcome of multiple interconnected factors. Scarcity, condition, historical significance, and prevailing market trends all contribute to its worth. Understanding these elements is essential for anyone seeking to buy, sell, or appreciate the value of this particular coin.
Frequently Asked Questions
The following questions address common inquiries and misconceptions regarding the 1879-CC silver dollar, aiming to provide clear and concise information for collectors and enthusiasts.
Question 1: What distinguishes an 1879-CC silver dollar from other Morgan dollars?
The defining characteristic is the “CC” mint mark, indicating that the coin was struck at the Carson City Mint in Nevada. This mint mark, combined with the year 1879, distinguishes it from Morgan dollars produced at other mints such as Philadelphia, New Orleans, or San Francisco. Coins from Carson City generally command higher premiums due to lower mintage figures.
Question 2: How does the silver content affect the coin’s value?
The silver content (90% silver, 10% copper) provides an intrinsic value that fluctuates with the market price of silver. However, the numismatic value, driven by factors like scarcity and condition, typically exceeds the melt value. While the silver content establishes a baseline worth, collector demand primarily determines the coin’s overall market price.
Question 3: Where can one reliably purchase an authentic 1879-CC silver dollar?
Reputable coin dealers, established numismatic auction houses, and online marketplaces with strong seller ratings are potential sources. Purchasing coins graded and authenticated by PCGS or NGC offers an added layer of security, ensuring the coin’s authenticity and condition.
Question 4: What is meant by “VAM” in the context of 1879-CC silver dollars?
“VAM” refers to the Van Allen-Mallis numbers, a cataloging system for identifying die varieties of Morgan silver dollars. Certain VAMs, indicating specific die characteristics, can increase a coin’s value due to their relative rarity and collector interest.
Question 5: How does cleaning affect the value of an 1879-CC silver dollar?
Cleaning typically diminishes a coin’s numismatic value. Artificial cleaning often damages the coin’s surface, removing original luster and leaving behind microscopic scratches. Collectors generally prefer uncleaned coins with original toning, as these are considered more desirable and authentic.
Question 6: What factors contribute to variations in prices for 1879-CC silver dollars?
Condition, as assessed by professional grading services, is a primary driver of price variations. Higher-grade coins (MS-65 and above) command significantly higher prices than circulated examples. Additionally, market demand, specific VAM varieties, and the overall health of the numismatic market contribute to price fluctuations.
The preceding answers provide a foundational understanding of key aspects related to the 1879-CC silver dollar. Further research and consultation with numismatic experts are recommended for in-depth analysis and informed decision-making.
The next section will explore strategies for building a collection and managing the risks associated with numismatic investments.
Tips for Acquiring and Preserving an 1879-CC Silver Dollar
Acquiring and maintaining an 1879-CC silver dollar requires diligence and informed decision-making. The following guidelines aim to assist collectors in making sound choices and preserving the value of their acquisitions.
Tip 1: Conduct Thorough Research Before Purchase: Prior to acquiring an example, research recent auction records and price guides. Knowledge of market trends will enable informed valuation assessments.
Tip 2: Prioritize Authenticity Verification: Purchase coins graded and authenticated by PCGS or NGC. These third-party grading services provide assurance of genuineness and accurate condition assessment. Counterfeit examples exist. Reliance on expert authentication mitigates the risk of acquiring a spurious coin.
Tip 3: Assess Condition Under Proper Lighting: Examine the coin under adequate lighting to detect subtle surface imperfections. Scratches, abrasions, and evidence of cleaning can significantly impact the grade and value. A careful examination under proper illumination facilitates an accurate evaluation.
Tip 4: Store Coins in Inert Holders: Protect examples from environmental damage by storing them in archival-quality, inert holders. These holders prevent exposure to air, moisture, and contaminants that can accelerate deterioration. Appropriate storage contributes to long-term preservation.
Tip 5: Avoid Aggressive Cleaning Methods: Refrain from using harsh cleaning agents or abrasive materials. Cleaning can irreparably damage a coin’s surface, reducing its numismatic value. Preservation of the original surface is generally preferred by collectors.
Tip 6: Consider Insurance Coverage: Explore insurance options to safeguard against loss, theft, or damage. Numismatic insurance policies can provide financial protection for valuable collections. Secure coverage offers peace of mind and mitigates potential financial setbacks.
Tip 7: Document Acquisitions Thoroughly: Maintain detailed records of all purchases, including date of acquisition, price paid, seller information, and grading details. These records are essential for insurance purposes, estate planning, and tracking the performance of the collection.
Tip 8: Monitor Market Trends and Numismatic Publications: Stay informed about market trends and developments in the numismatic community by subscribing to industry publications and attending coin shows. Continuous learning contributes to informed decision-making and successful collecting.
By adhering to these guidelines, collectors can navigate the numismatic market with greater confidence and protect the value of their 1879-CC silver dollar. Careful research, diligent preservation, and informed decision-making are paramount for successful collecting.
The following section will provide a concluding summary of the key insights discussed throughout this article.
Conclusion
This exploration of the 1879 CC silver dollar has underscored its multifaceted significance. The coin’s value transcends its intrinsic silver content, stemming from its historical context, relatively low mintage at the Carson City Mint, and the condition-based grading standards applied by the numismatic community. The Morgan Dollar design, a product of its era, further contributes to its collectibility. Understanding these interconnected factors is crucial for accurately assessing the coin’s place within the broader numismatic landscape.
The enduring appeal of the 1879 CC silver dollar as a collectible artifact underscores the value of historical preservation and informed collecting practices. Continued research and engagement with established numismatic resources are essential for navigating the market and appreciating the lasting significance of this tangible piece of American history. The preservation of such artifacts ensures that future generations can connect with and understand the economic and cultural forces that shaped the past.
